Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory Activity of Methanol Extract of Rhus coriaria L. inDiabetic Rats Ahmad Z. Alsarayreh1*, Sawsan A. Oran1, Jumah M. Shakhanbeh2. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research Published online 02 September 2021 Inflammation is an immune system response, which prevents the individual from infection. Theeuse of current anti-inflammatory drugs is often associated with side effects. Therefore, analternative therapeutic module is necessitated. Herbal medicines are being used against manydiseases due to their high efficacy with little or no harmful effects. Rhus coriaria has been widelyused to treat different diseases including inflammation. The current study evaluated the antiinflammatory activity of R. coriaria against carrageenan-induced paw oedema in diabetic rats.Male Wistar rats were divided into two parts: healthy and diabetic rats. Each part consisted of fivegroups. Group 1 received normal saline (negative control) for healthy and diabetic rats. Group 2received 150 mg/kg acetylsalicylic acid (positive control) for healthy and diabetic rats. Groups 3,4 and 5 were given orally 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of R. coriaria extract for healthy and diabeticrats. Cytotoxicity of R. coriaria methanol extract was evaluated against fibroblast cell lines. Theresults showed that methanol extract of R. coriaria at 200 mg/kg significantly decreases pawoedema in diabetic rats (P< 0.01) compared to the non-diabetic rats (P< 0.001). This finding mayindicate that R. coriaria has a strong anti-inflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced pawoedema in rats. It was found that 100 µg/mL of R. coriaria extract resulted in very lowcytotoxicity against fibroblasts with 40.12% inhibition of fibroblast proliferation and IC50 of108.4 µg/mL. In conclusion, the extract of R. coriaria has a considerable anti-inflammatoryactivity against carrageenan-induced paw oedema in diabetic rats.  Abstract :