Efficiency of Jordanian Trichoderma harzianum (Rifai)
Isolates against Meloidogyne javanica (Treub)
on Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

Nofal Suleiman Al-Ameiri

Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, (2009), (5).4:446-457

The efficacy of three Jordanian Trichoderma harzianum isolates; Th1, Th2 and Th3, against Meloidogyne javanica on tomato was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The effects of their product compounds on hatching and mortality of second stage juveniles' larvae (J2) under laboratory conditions were tested. In a plastichouse experiment, the three Jordanian T. harzianum isolates increased significantly plant height and fresh shoot weight. T. harzianum isolates in combination with nematode did not significantly affect shoot fresh weight and plant height compared with nematode treatment. Root galling and reproductive factor were reduced in all isolates, the resulting reduction reached up to 50%. The study of culture filtrates (autoclaved and non-autoclaved) and extracts of Trichoderma-treated soils (autoclaved) at all concentrations significantly inhibited eggs' hatching and increased J2 mortality. The inhibition and J2 mortality increased with increasing concentration of the culture filtrates and soil extract of T. harzianum isolates. The autoclaved culture filtrates were less effective than the non-autoclaved ones. Th1 was more effective than the other ones in J2 mortality at 50% and 100% concentrations of autoclaved soil extract. In conclusion, this study identified three Jordanian T. harzianum isolates that were active on soil and capable of producing compounds against M. javanica.