Vitamin D Status in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Makkah Region of Saudi Arabia

I.R. Dabbour, A.S. Jazar and F.S. Azzeh

Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 15 (3): 203-210, 2016

ISSN 1680-5194

© Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2016

Abstract:

Deficiency of vitamin D is still a worldwide health problem. Although the sun is replete all over the

year in Saudi Arabia, it has been shown that deficiency of vitamin D is an important health problem. The aim

of this study was to investigate the association of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)-D] in type 2 diabetic

patients (T2DM) compared to control healthy subjects. A randomized case-control study was conducted and

a total of 200 subjects were equally categorized in each group. A detailed basic information questionnaire

was used. Serum levels of 25(OH)-D and others related biochemical analysis were also measured.

According to our results, there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in age, serum 25(OH)-D level,

parathyroid hormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and BMI between case and control groups. On the

other hand, there was a significant inverse relationship between age and serum 25(OH)-D level (r = -0.37,

p<0.05), while a significant positive correlation between serum 25(OH)-D and intakes of vitamin D (r = 0.33,

p<0.05) was observed. The mean value of serum 25(OH)-D was significantly higher (p<0.05) for the subjects

who regularly played outdoor physical activities than those subjects who did not play regularly. Respect of

income, the mean value of serum 25(OH)-D for subjects with low income was significantly (p<0.05) higher

than those subjects with high income. Additionally, the mean value of serum 25(OH)-D for subjects who can

write and read was significantly (p<0.05) higher than those illiterate subjects and subjects hold a university

degree. The mean value of serum 25(OH)-D level for small family size was significantly (p<0.05) higher than

those with large family size. The subjects in our study were generally deficient in 25(OH)-D irrespective of

having T2DM, indicating a greater need for vitamin D supplementation.

Key words:

Vitamin D, type 2 diabetes mellitus, parathyroid hormone, physical activity