Municipal solid waste bins distribution in urban environment using multi-criteria decision making methods Rania Mona Alqaralleh Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management, Feb 2026 Abstract: Amman, Jordan's capital, has experienced rapid urbanization, exacerbating solid waste management challenges. It is apparent that the poor allocation of waste bins in Amman is not merely an operational inconvenience but also a pressing concern with substantial environmental, social, and economic ramifications for the city. The current study's objectives were to apply the analytic hierarchy process to compare alternative bin distributions based on environmental, social, and economic factors. The analytic hierarchy process was used to compare bin distribution alternatives based on environmental, social, and economic factors. Four options were compared: geographic information system-based optimization, smart bin technology using the internet of things, community-based distribution, and centralized and decentralized collection points. Ultimately, sensitivity analysis evaluated the resilience of the analytical hierarchy process model across various weight configurations. The results indicate the importance of accessibility, population density, and population health in waste management planning. The primary elements taken into account during the decision-making process included the social factor at 37.7 percent, the environmental factor at 35.5 percent, and the economic factor at 26.8 percent. Also, the analysis findings show that geographic information system-based optimization is the most viable strategy to ensure fair allocation and minimize environmental impacts and operating inefficiencies. The advanced waste bin serves as the second practical strategy, with a significant probability of enhancing collection through real-time monitoring. Conversely, other approaches, including community-based distribution and centralized collection, were found to be less viable and ineffective because of difficulties in implementation and acceptance. The current study highlights the importance of combining geographic information systems and smart bin systems (Internet of Things) to achieve sustainable, economically viable, and socially inclusive waste management in Amman. This comprehensive approach facilitates the achievement of long-term urban planning goals and tackles operational, environmental, and community concerns. Amman can improve solid waste management by adopting scientific, data driven methods to select waste bin sites.