1. Article title:OPTIMISATION BASED ON SPECIES CONSERVATION GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR OPERATIONAL ENHANCEMENT OF HIGH SALINITY BRACKISH WATER REVERSE OSMOSIS DESALINATION PROCESS 2. Article Author or Authors: Alanood A. Alsarayreh, Mudhar A. Al-Obaidi, Najat Almasarwah, Li Jian P and Iqbal M. Mujtaba, 4. Article abstract: Genetic Algorithm (GA) methodology is extensively used in several industrial design and operation as an efficient method of optimisation compared to other conventional optimisation methods. In this paper, the performance enhancement of a single membrane high salinity brackish water Reverse Osmosis (RO) desalination process is carried out using a singleobjective optimisation problem based on Species Conservation Genetic Algorithm (SCGA). The GA optimisation technique is based on a model developed for RO process, which is validated against the projected results of ROSA and showed a good accuracy. The performance of SCGA to attain the objective function is evaluated via investigating the effects of the most influential parameters of SCGA. Accordingly, the SCGA has introduced the optimum operating conditions of RO process including the pump pressure and feed flow rate that results in the lowest specific energy consumption while satisfying product water quality within WHO specifications. The results revealed the necessity of utilising the optimal operating conditions of feed flow rate and pump pressure to upgrade the current performance of the RO process. More importantly, having a set of optimal solutions from the SCGA results leads to alternative options to operate RO process sustainably with an acceptable water quality.